Question 1
Consider the function 
defined as 
. For what values of 
is 
convex 
Question 2
Consider
Which of the following is/are true
is Hermitian.- is unitary.
- is positive semi-definite.
- is positive definite.
- is invertible.
Question 3
An ML team wants to predict whether an email is spam 
or not 
by using some classification models. Therefore, the team defines three binary features 
where, 
= Presence of suspicious keywords (1 = present, 0 = absent)• 
= Whether the sender is unknown (1 = unknown, 0 = known)• 
= Whether the email contains a link (1 = yes, 0 = no)• The team collects the following dataset from previously classified emails:
The model makes a prediction using the rule : 
and
Compute the average loss on this dataset. Enter your answer correct to one decimal place.
14 more questions in this paper
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More on the MLF End Term 21 Dec 2025 Set 1 paper
The IIT Madras BS Machine Learning Foundations (MLF) End Term paper sat on 21 Dec 2025, in the September 2025 term, set 1: 17 questions for 40 marks in 180 minutes. The first 3 questions are below. Sign in with Google — it is free — to see the whole paper with its answers and explanations, in learning mode or as a timed mock test.
| Feature | MLF End Term 21 Dec 2025 Set 1 at a glance |
|---|---|
| Term | September 2025 term |
| Subject | Machine Learning Foundations |
| Course code | BSCS2004 |
| Questions | 17 |
| Marks | 40 |
| Duration | 180 min |
| MCQ | 8 |
| MSQ | 3 |
| Numerical | 6 |
| Official paper | Machine Learning Foundations 18 Dec 25 |
| Negative marking | No negative marking. |
| Updated |